Underachievement




 * Underachievement is defined as a discrepancy between a student's school performance and his or her actual ability, such as intellience or achievement data. This discrepancy between potential and actual productivity is at the heart of the definition of underachievement. **
 * Underachieving Gifted Students

** Evidence of Research, comprehension, and transfer of information: ** The common definition of underachieving gifted students by most researchers is described as a discrepancy between the child’s school performance and some index of his or her actual ability, such as intelligence, achievement, or creativity score or observational data. (Richert, 1991)

· Underachievement is seen as a problem of attitude or work habits.

· Gifted students who do not achieve in school are often successful in outside activities such as sports, social occasions and after-school jobs. · It is tied directly to self-concept development. They view themselves as failures. · They often make comments such as “Why should I even try? I"ll fail anyway.” · They exhibit low self-concept and perceive themselves as week in academics.

** Main Reasons and Issues related to the problem: **

** Possible School Causes ** · Lack of challenges · Too much or too little competition · Conflicts with teachers · Unidentified learning disabilities · Lack of opportunities to be creative · Peer pressure · Lack of structure or too much structure in the classroom · Mismatch between students’ leaning preference and intellectual strengths and classroom strategies, expectations, and environment

Possible Home Causes · Conflict between parents · Over protective parents · Over empowerment of children · Too much or too little attention · Health problems · Sibling rivalry · Feelings of pressure · An anti-work attitude or overemphasis on work

Advice for Dealing with Underachieving Gifted Students:

** 1. Nurture Your Child's Interests ** To nurture your child's interests, provide opportunities for him or her to learn and explore that interest. For example, if your youngster loves dinosaurs, get fact and fiction books about dinosaurs and visit natural history museums. If your child loves music, get toy (or real) instruments and consider music lessons. If your child loves science, get science books and science kits and visit science museums. Kids who can explore their interests are more likely to keep their love of learning alive.

2. Expose Your Child to New Ideas and Areas
Sometimes a child lacks motivation because he or she hasn't yet been exposed to what might be a life passion. A child whose true passion is music but who has never had a chance to explore it will not be able to unlock that passion. Look for community programs, not just school programs. Don't overlook traditionally female activities, like dance and gymnastics, for boys. Keep an open mind; it's your child's interests that are important.

3. Use Short-Term Goals and Rewards
Sometimes a child gets overwhelmed by a large task. It's not that the task is difficult, but the child may not be able to see the light a the end of the tunnel. Rather than begin the task, a child will give up before he or she even begins. Help your child see the task as a series of smaller tasks. Make each small task a goal and try setting a reward for that goal. Sometimes rewards won't be necessary once a child is able to see the task as a manageable one.

4. Help Your Child Learn to Manage Time
When they start school, gifted children usually have few problems keeping up with work. They learn quickly and easily. While that may sound like a real advantage, it can lead to problems. These children may never learn to manage their time in order to get work done. At some point, whether in high school or college, they may feel overwhelmed by the work they need to complete and don't know how to set time aside to complete tasks. Teach your child how to create and use a time-management schedule.

5. Praise Your Child's Efforts
Gifted kids sometimes have trouble connecting personal effort to achievement. Much of what they do and learn comes easily to them, so they can achieve with little effort. To help a child succeed, praise efforts at success and make that praise specific. For example, instead of saying "Nice work," it's better to say something like, "You worked hard on your science project; you really earned that A." However, avoid the reverse: don't say things like, "If you worked harder, you would do better."

6. Help Your Child Take Control
Gifted underachievers sometimes see achievement as something beyond their control. If they succeed, it is due to luck or some other external factor. This attitude makes them feel like effort is pointless. Praising their efforts can help, but these children also need to understand the role personal responsibility plays in success. The way you talk about your own life sends a message. Complaining about your boss or blaming your boss for your lack of success at work sends the wrong message.

7. Keep a Positive Attitude About School
Children need to see that their parents value education. Even if a child's problems in school are the school's or teacher's fault, you need to be careful of what you say. Negative attitudes toward school in general will transfer to your child. If school is a problem, you can point out that even though problems can occur, education s still valuable and effort will eventually lead to success. Blaming the school will allow the child to avoid personal responsibility.

8. Help Your Child Make Connections Between Schoolwork and Their Interests
Sometimes children lack motivation because they don't see a connection between the work they are being asked to do and their goals and interests. A child who wants to be an astronaut should know that math and science is important in those jobs. A little research may be necessary to find requirements of various jobs. However, unmotivated gifted children generally don't focus on anything but the present. Two weeks in the future is even hard for some of them to imagine.

9. Turn Homework Into Creative Games
Gifted children love a challenge, so by turning otherwise dull homework into a challenging game, you can get your child to do it. Some children like to race, so you can ask them to see how quickly they can get it done -- without mistakes. Checking their work lets them see you care about it. Another creative approach to homework is to link it to an interest. For example, a dull math worksheet can be the decoding assignment of an astronaut's space mission to Mars. Unless the work is done correctly, the mission will fail. Even the smallest mistake can create a problem that can cause the mission to fail.

10. Keep in Mind that Motivation is Not Always About School Achievement
We often equate motivation with school achievement. However, it's important to note that some children are highly motivated to achieve goals, but those goals are unrelated to school. A gifted teen, for example, may be more interested in creating a volunteer community program for the elderly or for the underprivileged.

Achievement is Not Motivation
It's important to remember that while you may get your child to get homework done, he or she may never be truly motivated to do it.

Reccommended Reading for Parents

Heacox, D. (1991). // Up from underachievement: How teachers, students, and parents can work together to promote student success //. Minneapolis: Free Spirit. Rimm, S. (1995). // Why bright kids get poor grades: And what you can do about it. // New York: Crown. Rimm, S. (2006). When gifted students underachieve: What you can do about it. In F. A. Karnes and K.R. Stephens (Eds.). // Practical Strategies Series in Gifted Education. // Waco, TX: Prufrock. Siegle, D. and McCoach, D.B. (2005). Motivating gifted students. In F. A. Karnes and K.R. Stephens (Eds.). // Practical Strategies Series in Gifted Education. // Waco, TX: Prufrock.

Helpful Links __ [|Strategies for Parenting Underachieving Gifted Students][|Underachievement Quiz] __

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